Defining Length of Pull (LOP)
Formal Definition
So, what exactly *is* length of pull? Simply put, it’s the distance between the center of your trigger and the end of the stock, often referred to as the buttplate or recoil pad. This measurement is crucial because it determines how comfortably your firearm fits your body when you shoulder it. It’s usually expressed in inches, although some manufacturers might also use metric measurements. A well-fitted firearm, with the correct length of pull, will allow you to align your eye with your sights or scope quickly and naturally. It will also help manage recoil more effectively, leading to improved accuracy and a more enjoyable shooting experience.
Why Length of Pull Matters: The Importance of Proper Fit
Accuracy and Precision
Perhaps the most significant benefit of a correct length of pull is enhanced accuracy. When the LOP is correct, you can quickly and consistently achieve the proper cheek weld on the stock, meaning your cheek makes firm contact with the stock. This allows you to align your eye perfectly with the sights or scope. Without a consistent cheek weld, your sight picture will be inconsistent, making it difficult to place shots accurately. Imagine trying to hit a moving target while constantly adjusting your head position; a properly fitted firearm, thanks to the correct length of pull, eliminates this variability. When everything aligns naturally, your groups will tighten, and your confidence will soar.
Managing Recoil
Recoil is an unavoidable reality of shooting firearms, but proper fit, including length of pull, can help you manage it effectively. A firearm with the incorrect LOP might position you too far or too close to the buttplate or recoil pad. When the length of pull is too short, the rifle or shotgun can potentially hit your face. On the other hand, a length of pull that is too long might cause you to reach for the trigger, leading to an awkward stance and less effective recoil absorption. With a firearm that has an appropriate length of pull, the recoil is directed more efficiently into your shoulder, minimizing felt recoil and allowing for faster follow-up shots.
Comfort and Enjoyment
Shooting should be an enjoyable experience, and a correctly fitted firearm significantly contributes to your comfort at the range or in the field. A well-fitted rifle or shotgun, with an ideal length of pull, will feel natural and comfortable when shouldered. This reduces strain on your neck, back, and shoulders, allowing you to shoot for longer periods without fatigue. Imagine having to constantly crane your neck or reach for the trigger – that would quickly make shooting uncomfortable and less enjoyable. With the right length of pull, you can focus on your target and enjoy the process of shooting, rather than battling an ill-fitting firearm.
Safety Considerations
In addition to accuracy, recoil management, and comfort, the proper length of pull also plays a crucial role in safe shooting. A length of pull that is too short can put your face uncomfortably close to the scope or sights, and in the event of recoil, you risk a facial injury. Similarly, a length of pull that is too long can make it difficult to control the firearm, potentially leading to a loss of control or accidental discharge. A correctly measured length of pull ensures that the firearm fits you properly, helping you maintain a safe shooting posture and reducing the risk of injury.
How to Measure Length of Pull
Measuring Yourself (Standing)
This method is the simplest way to get a preliminary measurement. However, it’s important to remember that this is an estimate, and the best results always come from fitting a firearm. To begin, you’ll need a measuring tape or a yardstick. First, stand up straight and relaxed. Ensure your shoulders are level and your arms are hanging naturally at your sides. Then, place the end of the measuring tape or yardstick against the middle of your chest. Next, have someone, or do so yourself, measure to the crease or the bend of your index finger on the hand you use to pull the trigger. This distance provides a rough estimate of your ideal length of pull. Remember to account for any clothing you might typically wear while shooting, like a hunting jacket or vest, as this will influence the measurement.
Measuring with the Firearm (Simplified)
This method involves shouldering the unloaded firearm and assessing the fit. First, ensure the firearm is unloaded and the action is open. Point the firearm in a safe direction and slowly shoulder it. Your eye should align naturally with the sights or the scope. If you find yourself straining to see through the scope or your cheek isn’t making contact, it’s a sign the length of pull is incorrect. Ideally, when you shoulder the firearm, your eye should be at a comfortable distance from the scope (eye relief). For many rifles, you want your eye to be one to four inches away from the scope. If the length of pull feels too long, the firearm will not reach your shoulder; if the length of pull is too short, the firearm will feel awkward. Using a simple method, like this, will give a decent estimate for your length of pull.
Finding a Professional to Measure Length of Pull
While self-measurement can provide a basic understanding, a professional fitting is often the best way to achieve optimal results. Gunsmiths and firearm specialists have the expertise and specialized tools necessary to determine your precise length of pull. They can analyze your shooting stance, body type, and shooting style to recommend the perfect fit. Professional measurement involves a variety of techniques. This is achieved through multiple methods, from analyzing measurements to using specialized tools designed for precise fitting. Having this done by a professional is recommended, so that your length of pull is perfect.
Factors Affecting Ideal Length of Pull
Body Size and Build
Height and arm length are the most significant factors. Taller individuals generally require a longer length of pull, while shorter individuals will benefit from a shorter one. Arm length is particularly important; someone with long arms might need a longer length of pull even if they are not especially tall.
Clothing Considerations
The type of clothing you wear while shooting can also influence your ideal length of pull. If you typically shoot in thick clothing, such as a hunting jacket or heavy coat, you may need a slightly longer length of pull to compensate. This is because the extra layers of clothing will add to the distance between your body and the firearm.
Shooting Style and Position
The shooting position you use can also play a role. For example, if you primarily shoot from a prone position, you might need a slightly shorter length of pull than if you shoot from a standing position. The prone position often allows you to get closer to the firearm. Conversely, some shooting positions may require a longer length of pull, depending on your body.
Firearm Type
While the general principles of length of pull apply to all firearms, there can be some variation between types. For instance, rifles typically have longer lengths of pulls than shotguns, though these are just generalizations. The best way to determine the proper LOP for any firearm is to measure it or have it professionally fitted.
Adjusting Length of Pull (If Applicable)
Adjustable Stocks
Many modern firearms come with adjustable stocks, which are arguably the simplest way to customize the length of pull. These stocks typically have a mechanism that allows you to lengthen or shorten the stock by small increments.
Stock Spacers
Stock spacers are thin plates that are added or removed between the buttplate and the stock. They are a cost-effective way to make minor adjustments to the length of pull.
Grinding and Modifying the Stock
For more significant adjustments, a gunsmith can grind down the stock or add material to change the length of pull. This is a more permanent solution and should be performed by a qualified professional.
Common Problems and Troubleshooting
Too Short Length of Pull
If the length of pull is too short, you might find it difficult to reach the trigger comfortably. Your eye relief might also be too close to the scope, potentially leading to an injury from recoil. You might also experience difficulty shouldering the firearm and achieving a solid cheek weld.
Too Long Length of Pull
If the length of pull is too long, you might struggle to shoulder the firearm or find that you have to strain to reach the trigger. You might find yourself leaning into the firearm, which can negatively impact your accuracy. If the length of pull is too long, the recoil will most likely be harsh.
Correcting the Problems
In either of these cases, consider the potential causes. Are you wearing different clothing than you normally wear while shooting? Have you recently changed your shooting position? Try using spacers or adjusting the stock to see if you can improve the fit. If the problem persists, consult a gunsmith or firearm specialist.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the length of pull is a foundational element of a well-fitting firearm. Understanding what it is, how to measure it, and how to adjust it will greatly enhance your shooting experience, from accuracy and recoil management to comfort and enjoyment. By taking the time to ensure your firearms fit you properly, you’ll not only improve your performance but also enhance your safety and comfort on the range or in the field.
