Why Choose a 20 Gauge for Squirrel Hunting?
The 20 gauge shotgun often finds itself a beloved choice among experienced hunters. It offers a unique blend of advantages that make it particularly well-suited for pursuing these nimble tree dwellers. Let’s explore why this gauge is often a top pick.
One primary advantage of the 20 gauge is its weight. Compared to its larger cousin, the 12 gauge, a 20 gauge shotgun is typically lighter and easier to carry through the woods for extended periods. This can significantly reduce fatigue, allowing you to hunt more comfortably and efficiently. The difference in weight can be particularly noticeable on hilly terrain or during all-day hunts.
Furthermore, the 20 gauge provides significantly reduced recoil compared to a 12 gauge. This is a boon for both newer hunters and those who might be more sensitive to recoil, such as younger hunters or those with smaller frames. The softer recoil makes for more comfortable shooting sessions, encouraging better accuracy and reducing flinching. More relaxed shooting often translates to better shot placement, critical when hunting squirrels.
But don’t mistake lighter recoil for reduced effectiveness. The 20 gauge still packs plenty of punch to take down squirrels cleanly at appropriate distances. A properly loaded 20 gauge, especially with the right shot type and pattern, provides sufficient stopping power without the overkill of a larger gauge. You still have enough force to humanely harvest the animal.
The 20 gauge also boasts an excellent balance between effectiveness and manageable shot size. This allows you to use a pattern that is tight enough to ensure a clean kill while not ruining the squirrel. This balance helps prevent excessive damage to the meat while still providing a consistent pattern. This also makes the shell itself a bit less expensive than the 12 gauge.
Other Options
While the 20 gauge offers numerous advantages, other gauges also deserve consideration. The 12 gauge, with its more substantial power, is certainly a viable choice, but it can be more cumbersome and might produce more recoil. The .410, while small and lightweight, often has a limited effective range and may require more precise shot placement to be successful. The 20 gauge, therefore, usually represents the ideal middle ground.
Selecting Your Firearm
Choosing the right firearm is a crucial step in setting yourself up for success. Consider the specific types available and key features to consider for your hunting needs.
Types of Shotguns
When it comes to the 20 gauge, several popular types of shotguns are available. Each possesses unique characteristics:
Pump-action shotguns are known for their reliability and affordability. They require manual operation, where the shooter must cycle the action after each shot. This makes them less expensive, and the mechanical simplicity generally makes them very reliable.
Semi-automatic shotguns are more convenient. These automatically cycle the action after each shot. They offer faster follow-up shots and can be very comfortable to shoot. However, they tend to be pricier than pump-action models.
Over-and-under (O/U) shotguns offer a sleek and elegant design, with two barrels stacked on top of each other. They typically have a good balance and are known for their accuracy. They typically require a higher investment cost than the other alternatives.
Key Features to Consider
When making your selection, here are some features to prioritize:
Weight and Balance: A lighter and well-balanced shotgun is easier to handle and carry for extended periods, particularly important in this kind of hunting.
Length of Pull: This affects how the gun fits the shooter. Ensure the LOP is appropriate for your size for comfortable and accurate shooting.
Sight Options: Bead sights are standard, but you might consider other configurations, like a vent rib, depending on your preference.
Durability and Reliability: Choose a model known for its quality construction and dependable performance, especially if you plan on hunting in less-than-ideal conditions.
Recommendations
Several 20 gauge shotgun models are suitable for squirrel hunting. Research specific models to find one that fits your budget and requirements. Seek opinions from other hunters and read online reviews.
Choosing Ammunition Wisely
Selecting the right ammunition is as important as the shotgun itself. This choice dramatically influences your hunting success.
Shot Size
The size of the shot pellets is crucial. For squirrel hunting, the most common and recommended shot sizes are generally number six and number seven and a half. Number six shot provides a good balance of pattern density and range, while number seven and a half is a great option for those who want a tighter pattern.
Shot Type
Lead shot is still the most common and affordable, offering good performance. Steel shot is sometimes required in specific areas where lead restrictions are in place.
Shell Length
Standard shell lengths are suitable for squirrel hunting. However, always consult your shotgun’s manual to ensure you use the correct length.
Velocity
Consider the shell’s velocity, which can influence the range and effectiveness of the pattern. Generally, shells with higher velocities can extend your effective range.
Tips
Consult the ammunition manufacturer’s recommendations and read reviews from other hunters to determine the ideal ammunition for your hunting.
Hunting Techniques and Strategies
Once you have your firearm and ammunition, it’s time to think about how to put them to work. Consider the best ways to hunt squirrels.
Scouting
Scouting is one of the most critical steps in any hunting strategy.
Identifying Squirrel Habitats
Squirrels thrive in areas with plentiful food sources, such as oak and hickory trees. These trees provide nuts, their primary food source. Look for stands of these trees and evidence of nuts on the ground.
Signs of Squirrel Activity
Look for squirrel nests (dreys) high in the trees, fresh cuttings of twigs, and droppings. The presence of these signs indicates an area where squirrels are active.
Hunting Methods
Several techniques are useful when chasing squirrels.
Still Hunting: This involves moving slowly and quietly through the woods, pausing frequently to scan for squirrels.
Spot-and-Stalk: Locate a squirrel, plan a stalk, and get close enough to take a clear shot. This method requires stealth and patience.
Using a Squirrel Call: Squirrel calls mimic the sounds of squirrels, helping to draw them into the open.
Shot Placement
Accurate shot placement is essential for a quick and humane harvest. Aim for the head or chest area, where a well-placed shot will quickly end the hunt. Always prioritize ethical hunting.
Range Estimation
Learn to estimate the effective range of your 20 gauge shotgun. It is better to pass up a shot than to risk wounding the animal.
Safety Precautions
Always treat every firearm as if it is loaded. Follow all safety rules.
Equipment Checklist
Preparation is key to a successful hunt. Having the proper gear can dramatically improve your experience.
Essential Gear
- 20-gauge shotgun: The most important item.
- Appropriate ammunition: Ensure you have the right type and size.
- Hunting license and permits: Necessary for legal hunting.
- Hunting clothes and boots: Weather-appropriate and comfortable.
- Binoculars: Useful for spotting squirrels from a distance.
- Game bag or vest: For carrying your harvest.
- Knife or other tools: For field dressing.
Optional Gear
- Camouflage clothing: This can help you blend into the environment.
- Squirrel call: To lure squirrels into the open.
Cleaning and Maintenance
Maintaining your firearm ensures its long-term reliability and safety.
Cleaning the Shotgun
After each hunt, carefully clean your shotgun.
- Disassemble the firearm according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
- Clean the barrel with a cleaning rod, patches, and solvent.
- Wipe down all metal parts and apply a light coat of gun oil to protect them from rust.
Storage
Store your firearm in a secure location, following all local laws and regulations.
Regular Inspection
Periodically inspect your firearm for wear and tear, and have it serviced by a qualified gunsmith if necessary.
Legal and Ethical Considerations
Hunting responsibly involves adhering to legal and ethical standards.
Hunting Regulations
Always familiarize yourself with the local hunting regulations, including bag limits, season dates, and allowed hunting methods.
Ethical Hunting
- Respect for wildlife.
- Fair chase principles.
- Minimizing suffering.
- Proper game handling.
Conclusion
**Squirrel hunting with a 20 gauge shotgun** offers a rewarding outdoor experience. By carefully selecting your equipment, understanding the right techniques, and prioritizing safety and ethical practices, you can increase your chances of a successful and enjoyable hunt. Whether you are new to hunting or a seasoned veteran, the information provided here should prepare you to have an excellent time in the forest. So, gather your gear, head out, and embrace the challenge of squirrel hunting with your 20-gauge shotgun!
