Understanding AR15 Build Kits
The AR15, a modular marvel of modern weaponry, has captivated firearms enthusiasts for decades. Its popularity stems not only from its effectiveness and versatility but also from its incredible customizability. One of the most appealing aspects of owning an AR15 is the ability to build it yourself, tailoring every component to your exact preferences. Building an AR15 from the ground up can be a rewarding experience, allowing for a deeper understanding of the firearm and the opportunity to create a truly unique rifle. This guide delves into the world of AR15 build kits, providing you with a comprehensive overview of the components included, the factors to consider, and the key steps to bring your custom rifle to life. This focuses on everything you need *except* the lower receiver, as that component requires specific legal considerations.
The allure of building your own AR15 often begins with a AR15 build kit. These kits are, essentially, bundles of components designed to simplify the process of constructing a rifle. They streamline the building process, offering a more convenient and potentially cost-effective way to achieve your custom build goals. Building an AR15, rather than purchasing a complete rifle, offers a level of control over every aspect of the firearm, from the barrel profile to the type of stock. This allows you to tailor the rifle to your specific needs and preferences, enhancing performance for your intended use, whether it’s target shooting, hunting, or personal defense.
One of the significant advantages of using an AR15 build kit is the potential for cost savings. Building from scratch allows you to shop around and compare prices, ensuring you get the best value for your budget. Furthermore, the kits often bundle components that would otherwise be purchased separately, saving you the time and hassle of sourcing individual parts. The convenience factor is also a major draw. With a build kit, you have nearly all the necessary components in one package, simplifying the process and reducing the chances of missing crucial parts. This is particularly helpful for those new to the AR15 platform.
AR15 build kits come in various forms, but the core concept remains the same: they provide nearly everything needed to assemble your rifle. The biggest factor is the configuration. You might find a “Complete Upper Receiver Kit,” which offers a fully assembled upper receiver group. You might find a “Parts Kit,” which will include all the small parts, such as springs and pins, that need to be assembled in the lower receiver. And there’s also the “Combo Kit,” which will have the assembled upper receiver plus the parts kit. The key is that they *all* exclude the lower receiver. These variations allow you to customize the kit to your specific requirements and experience level.
Essential Components Included in AR15 Build Kits
The heart of any AR15 build kit lies in its individual components. Understanding these is crucial for making informed decisions and ensuring you choose a kit that meets your needs.
Upper Receiver Assembly:
The upper receiver assembly is a critical section. The upper receiver itself is typically made from forged or billet aluminum and houses the operating components of the rifle. The choice of material and finish can affect durability and aesthetics.
The barrel is the single most important component determining accuracy. Barrel length, profile (lightweight, heavy, government), and twist rate are essential considerations. The twist rate determines the stability of the bullet in flight. For instance, a faster twist rate (e.g., 1:7) is better for heavier bullets, commonly used for self-defense or long-range shooting. The barrel material affects longevity and resistance to wear and tear. Chrome-moly steel is a common and affordable option, while stainless steel offers superior corrosion resistance and may improve accuracy.
The bolt carrier group (BCG) is another crucial element. This assembly comprises the bolt, carrier, firing pin, and associated parts. A high-quality BCG ensures reliable cycling and extraction. Look for BCGs made from quality materials like tool steel and with durable finishes like nitride or nickel boron to withstand the stresses of firing.
The charging handle allows you to manually cycle the bolt to load the first round. Consider an extended charging handle or one with an ambidextrous design for improved ergonomics.
The handguard encases the barrel and provides a gripping surface. Handguards come in various designs, including M-LOK, KeyMod, and Picatinny rail systems, allowing for the attachment of accessories like lights, lasers, and foregrips. Material choices include aluminum and polymer. The size and shape should accommodate your hand size, chosen for comfort and the chosen accessories.
The gas system directs propellant gases from the barrel to cycle the action. It consists of a gas block, gas tube, and associated components. A properly functioning gas system is crucial for reliable operation.
The muzzle device, which can be a flash hider, muzzle brake, or compensator, is attached to the end of the barrel. These devices serve different purposes, such as reducing muzzle flash, mitigating recoil, or improving accuracy.
Lower Receiver Parts Kit (LPK):
The lower receiver parts kit (LPK) is a collection of components that make up the lower receiver assembly. This includes crucial parts that facilitate the functionality of the AR15.
The trigger group is a core component in the lower receiver. This group is responsible for the action, allowing the user to initiate the firing sequence. Aftermarket trigger upgrades are quite common and can dramatically improve trigger pull weight and feel, leading to enhanced accuracy.
The hammer strikes the firing pin, igniting the cartridge’s primer.
The disconnector prevents the hammer from following the bolt carrier group.
The springs (trigger spring, hammer spring, disconnector spring, etc.) provide the necessary force for proper functionality of the trigger assembly.
The bolt catch, magazine catch, pivot pins, and takedown pins are all essential for connecting and operating the upper and lower receivers and the magazine. These parts must be properly assembled for correct operation.
The safety selector allows you to select between safe and fire modes.
The buffer retainer and spring secure the buffer and buffer spring within the buffer tube.
The pistol grip offers a comfortable and ergonomic grip for the shooter.
Buffer Tube Assembly:
The buffer tube assembly includes the buffer tube, buffer, buffer spring, castle nut, and end plate. This assembly manages the recoil impulse. The type of buffer and spring can affect the felt recoil.
Stock:
The stock (or buttstock) rests against the shooter’s shoulder and aids in aiming. Stocks come in fixed and adjustable designs, with material ranging from polymer to reinforced polymer. The choice of stock will influence the length of pull and overall balance of the rifle.
Factors to Consider When Choosing an AR15 Build Kit
Carefully selecting a AR15 build kit requires careful planning and consideration. Several factors can influence the choice, and the right kit will be one that caters to your needs.
Budget:
Budget is, naturally, one of the primary considerations. Build kits range widely in price, from budget-friendly options to premium kits with high-end components. Determine your budget before you start shopping and stick to it. Balancing quality and price is key. It’s often best to invest in quality components in areas like the barrel, BCG, and trigger group, as these components will have the greatest impact on accuracy and reliability.
Intended Use:
The intended use of the rifle will significantly influence your component choices. If you intend to use your AR15 for target shooting, you might prioritize accuracy and opt for a heavier barrel, a match-grade trigger, and a high-quality optic. For hunting, consider a barrel length and twist rate optimized for the caliber of ammunition you will use, along with the appropriate optics. For self-defense, reliability and rapid target acquisition are paramount. In this case, the weight of the build is crucial, and so is the selection of optics. Competition shooters will want to consider accessories that will let them excel in their chosen style.
Quality and Brand Reputation:
Brand reputation and overall quality are critical. Researching reputable manufacturers and reading reviews can help you identify kits and components known for their reliability and performance. Choosing quality components will save you issues and expense down the road. Be aware that there are often different grades of materials, as well as finishes, and choosing the right balance will maximize the value for your build.
Compatibility:
Ensuring compatibility is a necessity. AR15s are built around the standard platform, and most components are designed to be compatible with each other. However, double-check the specifications, particularly if you plan to mix and match components from different manufacturers. Verify that components are manufactured to the correct specifications (e.g., Mil-Spec for certain parts) to ensure proper fit and function.
Customization Options:
Customization is a core feature. AR15 build kits offer a vast range of customization options, allowing you to tailor the rifle to your specific preferences. Consider the style you’re after. Consider the color, finish, and accessories to make your rifle unique.
Assembling Your AR15 (Brief Overview)
While this article is focused on the parts of the AR15 build kit, some brief information on assembly is helpful.
The upper receiver components need to be assembled and attached to the upper receiver. After that, installing the lower receiver parts kit requires precise assembly. Then, the buffer tube assembly is installed. Following that, the stock is attached. Then, the upper and lower receivers can be connected, and it’s time to test!
You need to ensure all parts are properly installed and functioning correctly. This includes checking the trigger pull, the bolt carrier group’s travel, and the safety selector.
Function checks should be performed before live-fire testing. This is critical for safe operation.
Where to Buy AR15 Build Kits
There are numerous sources for AR15 build kits. Online retailers like Brownells, Palmetto State Armory, and Primary Arms offer a wide selection of kits and components. Local gun stores and gun shows can also be excellent sources. Before purchasing, be sure to thoroughly research any potential vendor to ensure they have a solid reputation. Pay attention to reviews and customer feedback. Be sure that they have a return policy in case you encounter any issues.
Legal Considerations and Regulations
It’s crucial to be aware of and comply with all applicable laws and regulations. Federal law requires that the lower receiver (the part *not* included in a build kit) be registered as a firearm. Local laws may vary significantly. Ensure you fully understand the legal requirements in your area before beginning your build. The lower receiver is the serialized component and is treated legally as the firearm.
Conclusion
Building an AR15 with a AR15 build kit is a rewarding way to engage with the world of firearms. From selecting components and assembling the rifle, the process provides a deeper understanding of the system. By carefully considering the factors discussed in this guide and prioritizing quality components, you can build a reliable, accurate, and customized rifle that will serve you well for years. Building an AR15 isn’t just about assembling parts; it’s about creating a tool that aligns with your individual needs and preferences. So, embark on this journey with confidence. Once you’ve built your AR15, you’ll appreciate the firearm even more. Share your experiences, ask questions, and engage with the community! Your unique build can be a source of pride and a testament to your dedication to the craft.
