Introduction
The gentle click of the hammers, the satisfying thud as the barrels close, and the sheer elegance of a side-by-side shotgun – these are qualities that resonate with both seasoned marksmen and newcomers alike. This classic firearm, a symbol of heritage and craftsmanship, continues to hold a special place in the hearts of shooting enthusiasts worldwide. The timeless allure of shooting a side by side isn’t just about the sport; it’s about embracing a tradition, appreciating a well-made tool, and connecting with a rich history. The purpose of this guide is to help you unlock the skills and knowledge needed to master this art form, whether you’re drawn to hunting, clay target shooting, or simply the inherent beauty of the side-by-side.
The history of the side-by-side shotgun is a story of innovation and adaptation. Born from the desire for a more effective and reliable firearm, these shotguns quickly gained popularity during the 19th century, largely because of their relatively simple and robust design. Early models, often handcrafted, became synonymous with quality and precision. While technological advancements have given rise to other shotgun designs like over-unders, pumps, and semi-automatics, the side-by-side’s enduring popularity is a testament to its intrinsic charm.
One of the primary reasons for its continued appeal is the inherent elegance and balance found in many shooting a side by side firearms. Its two-barrel configuration offers a sleek, streamlined profile, often associated with grace and a sense of classic style. The side-by-side design naturally lends itself to quick handling and pointing. This contributes to its effectiveness in environments where rapid target acquisition is critical.
In this guide, we’ll dive into the core elements of shooting a side by side, covering safety, handling techniques, and maintenance practices. It’s a journey designed to guide you from the fundamentals to more advanced considerations, helping you to both improve your accuracy and enjoy the experience of handling this iconic firearm.
Safety First: Essential Principles
Safety is paramount. Always and without exception, prioritize safety above all else when handling any firearm. Understanding and adhering to fundamental gun safety rules is non-negotiable.
Treat every gun as if it is loaded. This includes checking the chamber (barrel) whenever you pick up a firearm, and especially when the gun is newly acquired or if you’ve handled it in a setting where others may have handled it. This crucial step reduces the risk of accidental discharge.
Always point the muzzle in a safe direction. Never point the shotgun at anything you are not willing to destroy. This simple habit can prevent tragic accidents. Always be aware of your surroundings, and be especially careful of the angle of the barrel when loading, unloading, or moving your shotgun.
Keep your finger off the trigger until ready to shoot. This eliminates the risk of accidental firing. Until you’re on target and ready to fire, your trigger finger should be kept straight and resting outside the trigger guard.
Be sure of your target and what is beyond it. Identify your target positively and consider what lies beyond. Be aware of potential hazards, such as other shooters or areas where people might inadvertently be.
Wear appropriate eye and ear protection. Eye and ear protection are non-negotiable. The noise from a gunshot can cause hearing damage over time.
Before you even think about shooting a side by side, perform a thorough pre-shooting checklist. Begin by checking the chamber to ensure it is free from any obstructions. A blockage could lead to a dangerous barrel burst. Carefully inspect the ammunition for any defects or inconsistencies. Always use the correct gauge and load for your specific shotgun. Check the overall condition of your shotgun, paying attention to the integrity of the barrels, the action, and the stock.
Safe handling practices are crucial, both at the range and in the field. Never handle a loaded shotgun inside a vehicle, even with the muzzle in a safe direction. Keep the action open when not actively engaged in shooting. Handle the firearm as if it could discharge at any moment, even when you believe it to be unloaded.
Unexpected malfunctions can happen. Knowing how to respond to malfunctions is critical. If a shell fails to fire (a “misfire”), keep the shotgun pointed in a safe direction and wait for approximately 30 seconds before attempting to open the action. This waiting period allows time for a “hang fire” (delayed ignition). Never attempt to clear a stuck shell until you are certain of the safety of your surroundings.
Understanding the Side-by-Side
Understanding the mechanics is key to effective handling of a side-by-side shotgun. This involves familiarizing yourself with all the main components and their functions.
The action, essentially the “heart” of the firearm, houses the firing mechanism. Common types include boxlock, known for its simplicity and robustness, and sidelock, which is recognized for its intricate and potentially more refined design.
Barrels are, of course, the structures through which the shot travels. Chokes, which are located at the end of the barrels, affect the pattern of the shot. The tighter the choke, the more concentrated the shot pattern; the wider the choke, the more spread out the pattern. Different choke types are appropriate for different shooting scenarios. The choice of choke determines shot spread, significantly impacting accuracy and the effective range.
Ejectors and extractors are mechanisms for removing spent shells. Ejectors actively fling the spent shell from the gun, whereas extractors simply pull the spent shells from the chamber.
The stock and grip, along with the forend, contribute to the feel and balance of the shotgun. Stock styles vary, including pistol grips, straight grips, and English stocks. The grip style influences how the gun rests in your hands and shoulder.
Sights can range from a simple bead on the end of the barrel to more sophisticated systems. Although side-by-sides often lack complex optics, proper sighting is still critical for accurate shooting a side by side.
Loading and unloading a side-by-side should be done with care and precision. Ensure that the action is open and the barrels are clear. When loading, insert shells directly into the chambers. When unloading, open the action, remove any unfired shells, and visually check the chambers to verify they are empty.
Choosing the right ammunition is crucial for both safety and performance when shooting a side by side. Gauge is the measurement of the diameter of the bore. Match your ammunition to the exact gauge of your firearm. Select shot sizes based on the intended target and the shooting scenario. Larger shot is generally suitable for hunting bigger game, while smaller shot is better for clay targets. Consider the overall load, measured in ounces, and its effect on recoil. Shell length also matters; use only shells that match the length specifications of your shotgun. Always consult your shotgun’s manual and avoid any ammunition that is not compatible with the firearm, such as steel shot in older, non-steel-proofed barrels.
Shooting Techniques and Fundamentals
A solid understanding of technique is vital for improving your accuracy and enjoyment when shooting a side by side. This involves mastering fundamental principles and refining your physical approach.
Stance and grip create a foundation for stability and control. A proper stance involves placing your feet at an appropriate width, shoulder width is a good starting point, with your weight balanced. Your weight should be forward so your stance is dynamic and ready to react. A proper grip involves holding the shotgun firmly yet comfortably. The hold should allow you to maintain control during recoil without hindering the swing.
Mounting the shotgun involves bringing the firearm up to your shoulder and cheek in a fluid motion. A proper mount ensures a consistent and natural point of aim. The butt of the stock should fit snugly against your shoulder, and your cheek should rest firmly on the comb.
Aiming and sight picture are important for directing your shot. For bird shooting, focus on the target, not the bead. Let your eyes follow the trajectory of the target, and place your gun appropriately to account for both distance and motion.
Swing and follow-through are central elements to hitting moving targets. A smooth, controlled swing, in which the shotgun moves with the target, is essential. The movement should continue after the shot, maintaining the swing and ensuring the momentum to maintain the shot.
Trigger control involves smoothly pulling the trigger to fire the shot. Avoid jerking the trigger, which can throw off your aim. Practice a smooth, consistent pull.
Mastery involves adapting your technique to different types of targets. This can involve clay targets, birds, or stationary targets.
Practical Applications and Tips
Hunting with a side-by-side offers a unique experience. Tailor your techniques to the specific game. Shot selection becomes critical, and field adjustments may be necessary.
Clay target shooting provides an excellent opportunity to hone your skills. Learn the nuances of different clay target games, such as skeet, trap, and sporting clays, and develop techniques to improve your scores.
Common shooting problems often involve form or technique flaws. Problems range from stance and grip to mount, aiming, swing and trigger pull. Understanding these problems and how to solve them is important.
Developing good shooting habits is ongoing. Aim for consistency, repetition, and practice. Mental aspects, such as focus and visualization, also contribute.
Care and Maintenance
Proper care and maintenance are essential for the longevity and reliability of your side-by-side.
Cleaning involves removing any debris from the bore, action, and exterior. Regular cleaning is important for the longevity of the firearm.
Lubrication, using the correct type of lubricant, protects the internal components. Avoid over-lubricating, which can attract debris.
Proper storage is crucial. Store your side-by-side in a secure location. Regular inspections and maintenance schedules are crucial for the proper care of your firearm.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the art of shooting a side by side is both challenging and rewarding. By focusing on safety, honing your technique, and practicing regularly, you’ll be able to maximize your enjoyment and success with this timeless firearm. Embrace the traditions, appreciate the craftsmanship, and continue to learn and refine your skills.
Now it’s time to get out there and shoot. Practice is key.
