Introduction
The allure of the .38 Special P, a venerable cartridge known for its stopping power and versatility, continues to captivate shooters and enthusiasts alike. Whether for self-defense, target practice, or simply the enjoyment of handling a classic revolver, the .38 Special P offers a satisfying experience. For those who embrace the hands-on aspect of shooting, reloading opens a new dimension, allowing for customized performance and cost savings. This guide delves into the world of .38 Special P reloading, providing a comprehensive overview to ensure safe and accurate results.
Reloading is a rewarding hobby that requires meticulous attention to detail, respect for safety, and a commitment to continuous learning. It allows shooters to tailor their ammunition to their specific needs and preferences, optimizing performance for various scenarios. Reloading can also provide significant cost savings over purchasing factory-loaded ammunition, especially when considering the rising costs of components. However, it is crucial to remember that reloading is a potentially dangerous activity if not approached with the utmost care and adherence to established safety protocols.
Understanding the .38 Special P Cartridge
The .38 Special cartridge, born in the late nineteenth century, has a rich history, evolving from the .38 Long Colt. It quickly gained popularity for its effectiveness in law enforcement and civilian use. The “P” designation, differentiating it from the standard .38 Special, signifies “Plus P.” This indicates that the cartridge is loaded to higher pressures, resulting in increased velocity and, subsequently, improved terminal performance. This increased pressure is only safe to use in firearms designed to handle it.
The .38 Special P is characterized by its distinct specifications. The cartridge typically uses a bullet that measures in diameter. The brass case length of the standard .38 Special case is critical, as is primer type. The .38 Special P is renowned for its versatility. It’s a popular choice for concealed carry due to the availability of compact revolvers. Its manageable recoil also makes it a favorite for recreational shooting and target practice.
The enhanced power of the .38 Special P comes with a heightened need for caution. Reloading for this cartridge demands a meticulous approach, as the higher pressures can quickly lead to dangerous situations if not properly managed. Using only the correct brass cases is essential, and paying close attention to all published load data from a reputable source is paramount. Always consult the specific load data for your chosen components to confirm the safety of your reloading procedure.
Essential Reloading Equipment and Components
Successful reloading is reliant on the right equipment. The investment in quality tools is crucial for both safety and achieving accurate results.
The foundation of any reloading setup is the reloading press. These come in various styles, with a single-stage press being the simplest. This type performs one step at a time, such as resizing a case or seating a bullet. Progressive presses offer greater speed by performing multiple steps simultaneously. The choice depends on individual needs and budget.
Next in importance are reloading dies. Dies are what shape the case and properly seat the bullet. Essential die sets will include a full-length resizing die, used to restore the case to its original dimensions; a bullet seating die, for carefully positioning the bullet into the case; and a crimping die, to secure the bullet and ensure proper chambering.
Accurate measurements are essential for consistent results. A powder scale, preferably digital for precision, will accurately measure powder charges. A powder measure, either manual or automated, dispenses the powder into the case. Always check the measured charges against the scale to confirm precision.
For priming, a priming tool, either a handheld model or one integrated into the press, inserts primers into the case. Case preparation is critical for proper performance. A case trimmer removes excess length from the case. Chamfering and deburring tools remove sharp edges from the case mouth, allowing for the easy seating of the bullet.
Calipers are essential tools for measuring case length, overall cartridge length, and other critical dimensions to ensure consistency and safety.
Bullet pullers provide a safe way to disassemble a loaded round if errors are made.
Selecting the right components for .38 Special P is a critical part of the reloading process.
Brass cases are the foundation of a reloaded round. Used cases must be carefully cleaned to remove debris and grit. Inspection is crucial to identify cracks, dents, or other defects. The case should also be measured to ensure the correct length.
Primers are the ignition source. Different primer types are available and the primer selection process is one of the most important decisions a reloader makes. The correct primer for the powder type is essential.
Powder selection is crucial. The wrong powder can lead to dangerous pressure levels. It’s essential to consult reloading manuals or online sources for powder recommendations. Slow-burning powders are often favored in .38 Special P loads.
Bullets come in many varieties and weights. These will determine the intended use for the round. Choose bullets designed for the .38 Special P, keeping in mind your intended application.
Diving into a Sample Load Data Set
The foundation of any successful reloading operation is accurate and reliable load data.
This example will present the information from the “Lyman Reloading Handbook” as a sample load data set. **Disclaimer: The load data provided here is for informational purposes only. Always refer to the current edition of the Lyman Reloading Handbook and follow all safety instructions and recommendations. This information is illustrative and should not be considered a substitute for consulting the original data source.**
This load data set provides comprehensive information for a variety of powders and bullet weights that are suitable for the .38 Special P.
For example, consider using powder, a slow-burning powder often used in .38 Special P. The load data might recommend bullet weights ranging from grains to grains. The starting powder charge might be grains, with a maximum charge of grains. The Cartridge Overall Length (COAL), which is critical for safe and accurate loading, might be inches. The anticipated velocity for the maximum load might be feet per second.
Analyzing the load data is crucial. Begin with the starting load and work up the charge gradually, watching carefully for any signs of excessive pressure. This could include flattened primers, difficult case extraction, or other indications. Never exceed the maximum recommended charge. Always use a chronograph to measure the velocity of your reloaded rounds.
Reloading Process: A Step-by-Step Guide
The reloading process can be broken down into several steps. Each one must be executed with precision and attention to detail.
Start by cleaning the brass cases. This removes dirt, debris, and any potential obstructions. After cleaning, thoroughly inspect each case for any signs of damage, such as cracks, dents, or bulges. Discard any cases that are compromised.
Once the case is clean and prepared, it needs to be resized and de-primed. The resizing die will restore the case to its original dimensions, while the de-priming pin removes the spent primer.
For cases that have been fired multiple times, trimming might be necessary to ensure the correct case length. Then, chamfering and deburring the case mouth will facilitate bullet seating.
Now you are ready to prime the cases. Place a primer into the primer pocket, and make sure it seats properly.
The next step is the powder charge. Following the load data, carefully measure and dispense the recommended powder charge into the case. Double-check the powder charge using your powder scale to verify accuracy. Be extremely cautious to avoid double-charging a case or inadvertently leaving a case without powder.
After the powder charge is inserted, you can seat the bullet. The seating die will accurately place the bullet to the recommended COAL, which is crucial for safety and accuracy.
Finally, apply a crimp. A crimp secures the bullet and ensures reliable ignition and optimal performance.
With the rounds reloaded, perform a final inspection. Visually inspect each cartridge for any defects, such as incorrectly seated bullets or any visible powder spills. Measure the COAL of each round to ensure that it meets the specifications.
Testing and Troubleshooting
Once the ammunition is reloaded, testing is the next step.
Always wear appropriate safety gear, including eye and ear protection. Choose a safe shooting range and be mindful of your surroundings.
When testing a new load, start with the starting powder charge and gradually increase the load. Always watch for signs of excessive pressure.
In the event of issues, troubleshooting becomes important. Failure to feed or extract can indicate a problem with the case sizing or overall cartridge length. High pressure signs can be an indication of an overload. Accuracy problems can be caused by a variety of factors. Light loads or squib loads, where the bullet does not exit the barrel, are extremely dangerous and can damage the gun.
Advanced Reloading Tips
After mastering the basics, there are ways to improve performance.
Bullet selection is the key. Choosing bullets based on their intended use is an essential step.
Fine-tuning loads can be achieved through experimentation. Different powders and bullet weights can be tested.
Keeping accurate records is a crucial part of reloading. It allows you to compare performance and improve the reloading procedure.
Safety and Legal Considerations
Reloading requires adherence to strict safety protocols. The safety of all involved is paramount.
Properly storing ammunition and reloading components is crucial.
Be familiar with local laws and regulations, including those regarding reloading, storage, and transportation of ammunition.
Conclusion
Reloading is a journey of learning. Understanding the fundamentals, prioritizing safety, and adhering to best practices are essential. Always remember that reloading is not a race, it’s a process that rewards careful attention and respect for the process.
Continue to seek out reputable load data. Embrace safe reloading practices and continue your education.
Remember that success lies in responsible reloading.
Resources
For further information and resources, consult the following sources:
Reputable reloading manuals, such as the Lyman Reloading Handbook, Hornady, and Speer Reloading Manuals.
Powder manufacturers’ websites, such as Hodgdon and Alliant Powder.
Online reloading forums and communities.
Local gun clubs and shooting ranges.
