Understanding the Rapid Rimfire – The .17 HMR
The .17 HMR is a rimfire cartridge that emerged from a collaboration between Hornady and Savage Arms. Born from the .22 WMR (Winchester Magnum Rimfire) case, the .17 HMR was introduced to the shooting world to provide a flatter trajectory and higher velocity than the standard .22 Long Rifle and similar rimfire rounds. Its development was a direct response to the demand for a highly accurate, fast-moving, and effective round for varmint hunting and target shooting at moderate ranges. The goal was to create a more effective round for small pests and target shooting at moderate distances.
The .17 HMR’s design centers around a small-diameter, lightweight bullet. This design choice is fundamental to its performance. The bullet is significantly smaller than those typically found in the .22 caliber range, which contributes directly to the incredibly high muzzle velocity. This rapid acceleration leads to a remarkably flat trajectory, making it easier to hit targets at extended ranges without significant holdover adjustments. This flat trajectory is a considerable benefit, particularly for hunters.
One of the standout features of the .17 HMR is its accuracy. The round’s consistency, coupled with the precision of the rifles chambered for it, allows for tight groupings at distances that would challenge the .22 Long Rifle. This accuracy makes the .17 HMR a popular choice for target shooting and varmint control, allowing shooters to reliably engage small targets at considerable distances.
However, while the .17 HMR excels in velocity and accuracy, it’s crucial to understand its limitations. Its lightweight bullet carries less kinetic energy than rounds with heavier projectiles. This translates into reduced stopping power, making it less suitable for larger game. The .17 HMR is primarily designed for smaller animals, such as prairie dogs, groundhogs, and rabbits. Also, its effectiveness can be diminished in windy conditions, as the light bullet is more susceptible to wind drift.
The High-Velocity Personal Defense Round – The 5.7x28mm
The 5.7x28mm cartridge, unlike the .17 HMR, was born with a different purpose in mind. Developed by FN Herstal, a renowned firearms manufacturer, the 5.7x28mm was originally conceived as a Personal Defense Weapon (PDW) round. This means that it was designed to provide superior performance compared to traditional pistol cartridges in a compact, lightweight weapon that could be issued to non-combat personnel or used as a secondary firearm.
The 5.7x28mm’s design emphasizes high velocity, minimal recoil, and exceptional penetration capabilities. The cartridge features a relatively small-diameter bullet, much like the .17 HMR, but the designers prioritized the ability to penetrate body armor. This focus on penetration was a key aspect of the cartridge’s initial design, setting it apart from many other rounds. The 5.7x28mm’s design allows it to be chambered in both pistols and carbines, giving it a versatility not found in a lot of cartridges.
The cartridge’s high velocity contributes to a flat trajectory and minimal bullet drop at practical engagement ranges. This characteristic is particularly beneficial for close-quarters combat scenarios where rapid target acquisition and accurate shot placement are paramount. The low recoil of the 5.7x28mm makes it easy to control, facilitating faster follow-up shots and improved accuracy in rapid-fire situations.
Despite its advantages, the 5.7x28mm also comes with its set of considerations. The ammunition for this cartridge is typically more expensive than common pistol rounds, and the availability of firearms chambered in 5.7x28mm is more limited compared to more popular calibers. The potential for increased penetration, which is a benefit in some scenarios, also raises concerns related to over-penetration and potential risks to bystanders. The cartridge’s unique design and intended applications have also led to discussions and debate within the firearms community.
Putting Performance Side-by-Side
When comparing these two rounds, a direct comparison is essential for understanding their unique characteristics.
Examining the Paths of Projectiles
The trajectories of both the .17 HMR and the 5.7x28mm benefit from high velocities, which result in flatter trajectories compared to slower-moving rounds. The .17 HMR, with its incredibly high muzzle velocity, exhibits a particularly flat trajectory at typical varmint hunting distances. The 5.7x28mm also has a flat trajectory and can be quite good. But its trajectory is more subject to wind drift because of the bullet size and weight.
Assessing the Impact of Force
The kinetic energy delivered by each cartridge varies significantly. The .17 HMR’s lightweight bullet carries relatively less energy than the heavier bullets used in the 5.7x28mm. The 5.7x28mm, being designed for self-defense, is more likely to penetrate various barriers compared to the .17 HMR.
Analyzing the Influence of Wind
The .17 HMR’s lightweight bullets are notably susceptible to wind drift. Even a moderate crosswind can significantly impact the point of impact at longer ranges. The 5.7x28mm, although more stable in the wind than the .17 HMR, can also be affected, particularly at extended ranges.
Evaluating the Precision of Aim
The effective range of a cartridge defines the distance at which it can consistently deliver accurate and effective shots. The .17 HMR’s effective range is ideal for varmint hunting, providing excellent accuracy. The 5.7x28mm, given its design for close-quarters combat and personal defense, has a range that is suitable for this purpose. Both rounds offer sufficient precision to deliver effective shots within their intended applications. The accuracy of both is affected by the firearm used and the ammunition quality.
The Effects of Striking the Target
Terminal ballistics describe how a bullet behaves upon impact, including its expansion, penetration, and energy transfer. The .17 HMR’s effectiveness relies on high velocity and fragmentation. The 5.7x28mm’s design prioritizes penetration over immediate expansion, leading to a different terminal effect. The .17 HMR tends to impart energy quickly and cause fragmentation in soft targets, while the 5.7x28mm penetrates deeper.
Firearms and the Cartridge
A Range of Options for Both Rounds
The .17 HMR is primarily chambered in bolt-action rifles, lever-action rifles, and semi-automatic rifles. The 5.7x28mm is available in handguns and carbines.
Exploring Firearm Characteristics
When considering the features of firearms chambered in each cartridge, it is vital to consider the different attributes of the guns. The .17 HMR rifles tend to be lightweight and easy to handle, which makes them perfect for varmint hunting. Pistols and carbines chambered in 5.7x28mm are usually compact and designed with ergonomics to be easily used.
The Price Tag of Firearms
The cost of firearms chambered for these rounds differs significantly. The .17 HMR rifles are generally more affordable than those chambered in 5.7x28mm. The initial investment and the associated costs should be a deciding factor for buyers.
Comparing the Cost and Availability
Finding Ammo on the Market
The availability of ammunition is another crucial consideration. The .17 HMR is a popular round and is generally easy to find at most gun stores and online retailers. Ammunition for the 5.7x28mm is more limited in availability, particularly compared to more common pistol calibers.
Price Considerations for Ammunition
The price of ammunition directly impacts the cost of shooting. The .17 HMR ammunition tends to be relatively affordable, making it a cost-effective choice for plinking, varmint hunting, and target shooting. The 5.7x28mm ammunition is more expensive, which can be a factor for those who shoot frequently.
Understanding the Bullet Variety
Different bullet types are available for both cartridges. The .17 HMR is often available with hollow-point or ballistic-tip bullets. The 5.7x28mm offers a variety of bullet designs, including full metal jacket, hollow point, and specialty projectiles.
The Uses for Each Cartridge
Varmint Hunting Scenarios
The .17 HMR is widely regarded as an excellent choice for varmint hunting. Its flat trajectory and high velocity make it very effective at engaging targets at moderate distances. The 5.7x28mm is used when varmints are a threat to life.
Hunting Small Game
The .17 HMR is often used for hunting small game such as rabbits and squirrels. The 5.7x28mm is designed for self-defense and military applications.
Target Practice and Sport
Both rounds are used for target shooting, but the .17 HMR is more common for target shooting and range time. The 5.7x28mm is not the primary choice for target shooting.
Self-Defense Contexts
The 5.7x28mm was specifically designed for self-defense. This round is chosen when defense is required.
Summary of Advantages and Disadvantages
The .17 HMR excels in providing a fast, flat-shooting, and accurate round. It’s generally affordable and readily available, making it perfect for varmint hunting and target practice. The .17 HMR’s lightweight bullet is susceptible to wind drift and less effective on larger game.
The 5.7x28mm is distinguished by its high velocity, low recoil, and strong penetration characteristics. It’s designed for self-defense and offers excellent performance. The downside of the round is more limited firearm availability and the higher cost of ammunition.
Conclusion
The .17 HMR and the 5.7x28mm are both high-velocity rounds, but they are designed for different purposes. The .17 HMR excels at varmint hunting and target shooting due to its flat trajectory, high accuracy, and relatively low cost. The 5.7x28mm, on the other hand, is designed for personal defense, emphasizing penetration and manageability. The choice between these two cartridges should be made based on individual needs, the intended application, and the user’s budget. If the goal is pest control and target shooting at moderate ranges, the .17 HMR is an excellent choice. If the need is for personal defense with good penetration, the 5.7x28mm would be considered.
Disclaimer:
Firearm ownership, use, and ammunition usage are subject to federal, state, and local laws and regulations. It’s crucial to be familiar with these laws and to adhere to all safety protocols when handling firearms and ammunition. Always consult with local authorities and comply with all applicable legal requirements. This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute legal or professional advice. Always follow safe gun handling practices, including the proper use of eye and ear protection when shooting. Never point a firearm at anything you do not intend to shoot.
Resources and References:
(Add links here to reputable sources, manufacturer websites, ballistic calculators, etc. For example, include links to Hornady’s website, FN Herstal’s website (if applicable), and online ballistic calculators.)
